period8


 * //This is a picture of different foods with protein organized in their proper groups.//**



//**This is the chemical structure of protein.**//

**What foods have protein in it?**
 * Peanuts
 * Beans
 * Meat
 * eggs
 * Fish
 * What makes protein distinguishing features make it different from others?**
 * Protein is different than others because it builds and restores damaged muscle tissue. Protein builds muscles and it repairs what needs to be repaired.
 * What is the calorie per gram in protein?**
 * There are 4 calories per gram in protein.
 * Why is protein so important to the body?**
 * Proteins are the main building blocks of the human body and they are made up of units called amino acides that are strung together in several different or complex functions. Also they rebuild tissues that are lost through hermorrhage, burns and survey or other worn out cells. They are needed to make neurotransmitters.
 * What are the effects of deficiency in proteing?**
 * If too much protein is eaten, the surplus will also be converted similar to the way excess carboohydrate intake is processed.
 * What are the effects of excess in protein?**
 * Ecessive excess protein is broken down and converted into sugars of fatty acids.
 * Often cause of allergies and allergic reactions to certain foods.
 * Excess is used for non-protein bodily functions.
 * Excess is converted and stored as fat.
 * May lead to dehydration.
 * How many grams a day should a person typically have?**
 * A person should have 50 grams of protein per day on a 2000calorie diet.
 * Are their different kinds of protein?**
 * __Antibodies__- Fight off germs.
 * __Enzymes__- Sped up chemical reactions (digestion)
 * __Contractile__- Responsibe for movement (walking, running, weight lifting)
 * __Hormonal__- Coordinate bodily functions (metab olic stavilization, contractions duiring child birth)
 * __Structural__- Provide support and build protectice covering (hair, feathers, horns)
 * __Storage__- Store amino acids.
 * __Transport__- move molecules from one place to another (blood, electrons)
 * Are some better than others?**
 * Yes there are some different proteins that are better for the body than others.

media type="custom" key="3566656"
 * MOST IMPORTANT *
 * Supports growth, maintains, and repairs tissues. They also act as antibodies, hormones, and enzymes or catalysts. Also helps regulate the amount of fluids in the body to perform it balancing act with electrolytes.


 * Webisites?**
 * [|Http://biology.about.com] - this site is college students blogging about their knowledge. We picked this site because it looked and presented to us that the website had a lot of information that would help us out through this project.
 * [|www.acefitness.org] - This w ebsite was about american council of exersize answers frequwntly asked questions about protein. We chose this website because it is people talking about how protein inflicted in their lifestyle.
 * [|www.weightlossforall.com] - This is a company that provides information about protein and how they can be used to lose weight. We liked this site because it showed us how protein can actually help people loss weight and gain some weight in muscle, not fat.



||
 * **Water Soluble Vitamins- C & the 8 B Complex** || **Fat Soluble Vitamins- A, D, E, K** ||
 * * These vitamins are not stored in the body for long. They are flushed through the body rapidly and are eliminated quickly in urine.
 * These vitamins are easily destroyed or washed out during food storage and preparation.
 * They act as coenzymes to help the body obtain energy from food.
 * They are important for normal appetite, good vision, healthy skin, healthy nervous system and red blood cell formation. || * They are absorbed with the help of fats and are stored in the fats of the body.
 * It is unusual to have a deficiency because these vitamins are stored for long periods on time in fat and liver. They are elminated much more slowly then water soluble vitamins because of this.
 * They generally pose a greater risk for toxicity than water-soluble vitamins when consumed in excess

A deficiency of vitamin A causes dry eyes, dry skin, and night blindness. Not having enough vitamin A is not very common though. **What happens if I have too much vitamin A? ** An excess of vitamin A can be harmful. It can cause liver damage and birth defects. Milk, liver, fortified cereals, darkly colored orange or green vegetables, carrots, peaches, etc. Teen Guys need 900 micrograms. Teen girls need 700 micrograms. Vitamin A prevents eye problems, promotes a healthy immune system, keeps skin healthy, and is good for the growth and development of cells. ||
 * [[image:vitamin_A_picture.jpg align="center"]] || **What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin A? **
 * What foods have vitamin A in them? **
 * Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume? **
 * What does vitamin A do for the body? **
 * [[image:vitamin_A_number_2.jpg align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_a.gif width="384" height="117" align="center"]]


 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin A** ||

A deficiency of vitamin B1 causes weakness, nervous system malfunction, and heart failure. Not having enough vitamin B1 is rare in America except for alcoholics because too much alcohol impairs absorption of thiamin. Having too much B1 is highly unlikely. What foods have vitamin B1 in them? ** Fortified breads, cereals, pasta, meat, fish, dried beans, soy foods, peas, and whole grains Teen guys need 1.2 mg. Teen girls need 1 mg. Vitamin B1 helps to convert carbohydrates into energy and is needed for the heart, muscles, and nervous system to function properly. ||
 * [[image:vitamin_B1.jpg align="center"]] || **What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin B1? **
 * What happens if I have too much Vitamin B1? **
 * Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What does vitamin B1 do for the body? **
 * [[image:vitamin_B1_#2.jpg align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_b1.gif]]


 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin B1** ||

<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">A deficiency of vitamin B2 causes your eyes to be sensitive to bright light, cracked skin, and sore red tongue. Not having enough vitamin B2 is not very common though. **<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What happens if I have too much vitamin B2? ** Having too much B2 is rare. Meat, eggs, peas, nuts dairy products, green leafy vegetables, and fortified cereals Teen guys need 1.3 mg. Teen girls need 1 mg. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">** What does vitamin B2 do for the body? ** <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Vitamin B2 helps to turn carbohydrates into energy, produce red blood cells, and is important to vision.
 * [[image:vitamin_b2.jpg align="center"]] || <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">** What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin B2? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What foods have vitamin B2 in them? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume? **

||
 * [[image:vitamin_B2_#2.jpg width="412" height="304" align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_b2.gif width="204" height="167" align="center"]]


 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin B12** ||

<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">A deficiency of vitamin B3 causes inflamed skin and digestive system malfunction. This is rare in developed nations. <span style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64);">An excess of vitamin B3 may cause flushing of face, tingling of skin, and headaches. <span style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64);">Red meat, poultry, fish, and peanuts **<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"> Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume? ** Teen guys need 16 mg. Teen girls need 14 mg. What does vitamin B3 do for the body? ** Vitamin B3 helps the body turn food into energy, maintains healthy skin, and is important to nerve function. ||
 * [[image:vitamin_B3.jpg width="390" height="310" align="center"]] || <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">** What happens if I don’t have enough vitamins B3? **
 * What happens if I have too much vitamin B3? **
 * What foods have vitamin B3 in them? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
 * [[image:vitamin_B3_#2.jpg width="400" height="325" align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_b3.gif width="163" height="121" align="center"]]


 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin B3** ||

<span style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64);">A deficiency of vitamin B6 causes convulsions and nervous system malfunction. This is rare in a diet with protein because vitamin B6 is found in most protein foods. **<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What happens if I have too much vitamin B6? ** Mega doses over a period of time can cause nervous system damage. Potatoes, bananas, beans, seeds, nuts, red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, spinach, and fortified cereal Teen guys need 1.3 mg. Teen girls need 1.2 mg. Vitamin B6 is important for brain and nerve function; it helps the body break down proteins and make red blood cells. ||
 * [[image:Vitamin_B6.jpg align="center"]] || <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">** What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin B6? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What foods have vitamin B6 in them? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What does vitamin B6 do for the body? **
 * [[image:vitamin_B6_#2.jpg align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_b6.gif align="center"]]


 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin B6** ||

<span style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64);">A deficiency of vitamin B12 can cause anemia and nerve damage. Your liver can store many years’ supply so deficiency is rare. Vitamin B12 is found in animal sources so vegans do need to take special precautions. **<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What happens if have too much vitamin B12? ** An excess amount of B12 is rare. What foods have vitamin B12 in them? ** Fish, red meat, poultry, milk, cheese, and eggs
 * [[image:B12.jpg align="center"]] || <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">** What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin B12? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">

<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume?** <span style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64);">Teens should have 2.4 micrograms each day. Vitamin B12 helps to make red blood cells and is important to nerve cell function. ||
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri;">What does vitamin B12 do for the body? **
 * [[image:Vitamin_B12_#2.jpg align="center"]] || [[image:vitamin_b12.gif align="center"]]


 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin B12** ||

A deficiency of vitamin C can cause bleeding of the gums, reduced wound healing, and easy bruising. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">** What happens if I have too much vitamin C? ** <span style="color: rgb(64, 64, 64);">Too much vitamin C can cause diarrhea. **<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What foods have vitamin C in them? ** Red berries, kiwis, red and green bell peppers, tomatoes, broccoli, spinach, grapefruit, etc. Teen guys need 75 mg. Teen girls need 65 mg. Vitamin C forms collagen, helps build strong bones, teeth, gums, and blood vessels. It also helps the body to absorb iron and calcium.
 * [[image:18109.jpg align="center"]] || **<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin C? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What does vitamin C do for the body? **

||
 * [[image:vitamin_C_#22.jpg align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_c.gif align="center"]]


 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin C** ||

A deficiency of vitamin D can cause easily fractured bones and weak muscles. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**What happens if I have too much vitamin D?** Having excess vitamin D can cause kidney stones. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"> **What foods have vitamin D in them?** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Egg yolks, fish oils, and fortified foods like milk. Also your body makes vitamin D when you get sunlight on your skin. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume?** Teens need 5 micrograms. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"> **What does vitamin D do for the body?** <span style="font-size: 11pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Vitamin D strengthens bones.
 * [[image:Vitamin_D.jpg align="center"]] || <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin D?**

||
 * [[image:vitamin_D_#2.jpg align="center" caption="DRI: Dietary Reference Intakes"]] || [[image:vitamin_d.gif width="317" height="272"]]
 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin D** ||

A deficiency of vitamin E can cause anemia and neurologic damage. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**What happens if I have too much vitamin E?** Studies show long term overdoses may cause excess bleeding and muscle weakness. Vegetable oils, nuts, green leafy vegetables, avocados, wheat germ and whole grains <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume?** Teens need 15 mg. Vitamin E helps to protect cells from damage, it is very important for the health of red blood cells. ||
 * [[image:vitamin_e.jpg align="center"]] || <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin E?**
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What foods have vitamin E in them? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri;">What does vitamin E do for the body? **
 * [[image:vitamin_E_#2.jpg align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_E.gif]]
 * Chemical Structure for Vitamin E** ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A deficiency of vitamin K causes diminished blood clotting. This is rare because the body can make vitamin K. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**What happens if I have too much vitamin K?** Too much vitamin K is rare. <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">**What foods have vitamin K in them?** Leafy green vegetables, dairy products, broccoli, and soybean oil Women should consume 65 micrograms while men should consume 80 micrograms. Vitamin K helps the blood to clot.
 * [[image:vitamin_k.jpg align="center"]] || <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**What happens if I don’t get enough vitamin K?**
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Based on a 2000 Calorie per day diet, how much of this vitamin should a person typically consume? **
 * <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What does vitamin K do for the body? **

||
 * [[image:vitamin_K_#2.jpg align="center" caption="RDA: Recommended Daily Allowance"]] || [[image:vitamin_k.gif]]
 * Chemical Structure of Vitamin K** ||

media type="custom" key="3610134"

<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">What vitamins do doctors recommend you to take supplements of? <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Folic acid supplements, which are B vitamins, are highly recommended for pregnant women in order to help prevent neural tube defects.

<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Can too many vitamins be dangerous? Yes, especially with A, D, and K.

<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">INTERESTING FACT: To check the effectiveness of a vitamin pill, try submerging one pill in half a cup of vinegar until it is completely dissolved- if it takes longer than an hour, this means the pill may not be efficiently absorbed in the body. **<span style="font-size: 150%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Websites: ** [] This website is a good source of information on vitamins it is set up so that everyone can understand it, there is a parent site, a kids site, and a teen site. This site answers almost all the questions you could ask about vitamins, and it includes pictures and charts as well. [] This website is a great tool for finding information on vitamins. It has a lot of great pictures that show exactly what foods contain the vitamin, weather it is fat-soluble or water-soluble, and there are pictures you can get on what specific part of the body a particular vitamin helps. [] This website is a good source of information on vitamins because it answers commonly asked questions on all the vitamins and clearly gives the other names for the vitamins, and tells when they should and shouldn’t be taken.

www.askdrsears.com This website is a good source of information on vitamins. It has clear and easy to understand information and has a lot of accurate information about each vitamin. <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">__**What are minerals?**__ If The Word "Mineral" Makes you thinks of rocks, **you're right!** Minerals are substances like calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc that are found in rocks and in the soil. They are also needed in nutrition for the body.

Minerals play a big rold in human living tissues, such as building bone structures, muscle contractions, building proteins, energy production, and much more. Minerals can be put into many categories but that does not necessiarly indicate the order of importance when it comes to staying heathly. However they also work against each other.

There are 2 different types of minerals : Trace minerals & Major minerals. The body already has 22 essential minerals needed by the body. **<span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Types of Minerals ** <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">//__**MAJOR MINERALS:**__// <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**__//TRACE MINERALS://__**
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Calcium
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Chloride
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Magnesium
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Phosphorus
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Potassium
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Sodium
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Sulfur
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Chromium
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Cobalt
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Copper
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Fluoride
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Iodine
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Iron
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Manganese
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Molybdenum
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Nickle
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Selenium
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Slicon
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Tim
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Vanadium
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Zinc

<span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Some examples of types of foods that typically have minerals are: beans, nuts, vegetables, fruits, and meats.



<span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"><span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Our bodies need various minerals for health. Inadequate diets can lead to mineral deficiency. Iron, Iodine, and Calcium deficiency are most commmon.
 * __<span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Importance of minerals in body functions are: __**
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Become part of tissue structure, like in bone and teeth
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Help maintain acid-base balance in order to keep the body pH neutral.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Regulate body processes, such as enzyme systems.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Function in nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Help release energy from food (affects of deficiency).

__**Symptoms of Calcium deficiency are:**__ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**__Chemical Structure of Calcium (Major Mineral).__** __**Chemical Structure of Iron (Trace Mineral).**__
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Muscle aches and pains.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Muscle twitching and spasm.

media type="youtube" key="JYfjTVMN2pA" height="344" width="425"

The effects of access can reach toxic levels, and my cause many health problems. A Well-Balanced meal will meet RDA (recommended dietary allowance). <span style="font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**Do NOT** consume more than these amounts from a combination of food and supplements! Calcium ...........................2,500 mg Phosphorus.....................4,000 mg Magnesium.........................350 mg Iron .......................................45 mg Zinc ......................................40 mg Boron....................................20 mg Manganese ..........................11 mg Copper .................................10 mg Fluoride ................................10 mg Molybdenum...........................2 mg Vanadium............................1.8 mg Iodide ..................................1.1 mg Nickel ..................................1.0 mg Selenium .............................0.4 mg mg = milligrams
 * WARNING!!!**

//NOT ALL FAT IS BAD//. It is made up of three different elements as carbohydrates- "carbon, hydrogenand oxygen. However, fats have relatively more carbon and hydrogen and less oxygen, thus supplying the higher fuel value of nine calories per gram." It can be classified into even more different things, such as saturated fat and unsaturated fat.
 * What is fat?**

1 gram of fat = 9 calories<span style="color: rgb(77, 72, 113);"> Essential fatty acid deficiency is rare, occurring most often in infants fed diets deficient in. Signs include scaly dermatitis, alopecia, thrombocytopenia, and, in children, growth retardation. Diagnosis is clinical. Dietary replenishment of diet reverses the deficiency
 * Amount of calories per gram:**
 * Effects of deficiency:**

The fat effects excess body fat is linked to physical threats like heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. In heart disease include excess dietary intake of saturated fat and salts. Your heart workers harder to pump blood to the lungs for obese people. There is a balance between blood sugar, body fat and the hormone insulin. Blood sugar is stored in the liver and other vital organs. The excess blood sugar is converted to fat. As fat cells become full they take in less blood sugar.
 * The Effects of Excess:**

A person should have 65 grams of fat per day.
 * Based on a 2000 calorie diet, how many grams should a person typically consume?**

media type="custom" key="3554896" width="121" height="141"


 * **Are there different types, and if so how are they different? Are some better than others?** || **Chemical Structure** ||
 * **Saturated Fats-** Saturated fats are found mainly in animal products like beef and milk. These fats are found in a solid state at room temperature. These kinds of fats should be consumed as little as possible and should be avoided as much as possible. Saturated fats should only make up 10% or less of daily calories consumed. || [[image:Chem_Structure_1.JPG width="337" height="167"]] ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';"> Unsaturated Fats-** Unsaturated fats, such as monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fats are known as the healthy fats. These are typically found in plant sources. Examples of sources of unsaturated fats are canola oil and olive oil. It has been suggested that one should substitute monounsaturated fats for saturated fats. || [[image:Chem_Structure_3.JPG width="349" height="138"]] ||
 * **Omega-3 Fatty Acids-** Omega-3 Fatty Acids are an example of polyunsaturated fats. These are usually found in fish oils. When there is an intake of Omega-3, it has been found to reduce blood clots and helps the heart beat regularly. || [[image:Chem_Structure_5.JPG width="309" height="130"]] ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';"> Omega-6 Fatty Acids-** Omega-6 Fatty Acids are also an example of polyunsaturated fats. Unlike Omega-3, Omega-6 provides linolenic acid to the body. || [[image:omega_6.JPG width="317" height="217"]] ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';"> Trans Fatty Acids-** Trans Fatty Acids are used when producing foods. Trans Fatty Acids are unsaturated fats that have been transformed into saturated fats, and thus are very bad for the body. || [[image:transfatchemicalstruc_.jpg width="327" height="166"]] ||

Butter or margarine Cookies Donuts Frozen goods Fast Foods (examples: French fries, cheeseburgers, fried chicken…) Packaged foods (examples: brownie mix, cake mix, cookie mix…) Chips and butter crackers ||
 * **Types of foods that contain a lot of fat:**

||

-provide energy -build healthy cells -build brains -help the body -make hormones -provides healthier skin -forms a protective cushion for your organs || || [] [] [] [] []
 * **The Importance to body functions:**
 * Information found at:**

[] **<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';"> Learning About Fats** – Learning About Fats in a website created for children. This website helps children learn the truth about fats by explaining how the body works and why fats are necessary for the body to function. Also, the website explains how fats can be harmful to the body and explains the types of fats, etc. [] <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';"> **American Heart Association**- The American Heart Association website teaches about the health factors of too much fat and too high cholesterol, as well as telling how to manage cholesterol. It also teaches how to maintain a healthy lifestyle and how to control your intake of good/bad fats. [] <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';"> **Harvard School of Public Health**- Harvard School of Public Health’s fat page shows information from research that has been done on fats at the Harvard School of Public Health. It provides information of the different kinds of fats and tells what fats are healthy and which fats should be avoided, as well as teaching how to lower cholesterol to a healthy level. The website teaches you what you should eat and provides 5 tips to choosing healthy fats in your daily diet
 * <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Other Credible Websites to View Fat Research: **

<span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">**<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">What are carbohydrates? ** <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">The scientific definition of a Carbohydrate is<span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> a <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Also, Carbohydrates are the basic elemental suppport of all living things. media type="custom" key="3574704"

<span style="font-size: 90%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">**What features make Carbohydrates different from the other food elements?** <span style="font-size: 90%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Milk is the only animal source that also contains a great amount of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are classified into two kinds: complex carbohydrates such as fruits, vegetables, starch, and bread products; and simple carbohydrates such as table sugar, honey, candy, and syrup. <span style="font-size: 90%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">**How many calories are in one gram of Carbohydrates?** There are four calories per gram of Carbohydrates.
 * <span style="font-size: 90%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">How are Carbohydrates important to the functioning of the body? **
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Carbohyrates are the body's main energy source.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">They protect muscles by sparing proteins and protecting fats from being deprived of their important functions.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">They provide half of the energy when the body is at rest and all the energy when the body is performing low-level activity.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Carbohydrates are needed for the central nervous system, kidneys, and brain to function properly.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">It is important in intestinal health and to eliminate waste.

<span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">**What are the effects of a deficiency of Carbohydrates?** <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">An excess of carbohydrates in the body is turned into fat. So in return, over a long period of time of excess carbohydrates obesity forms from the fat. <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">**Based on a 2000 calorie per day diet, how many grams should a person typically consume?** A person should consume about 110-120 grams. **<span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">A deficiency can cause ketosis, a metabolic disorder characterized by a build up of chemicals known as ketones, which are produced by the body as a by-product of combusing fat.
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Constipation
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Gas
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">Excess protein
 * <span style="font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">It breaks down its reserves from the liver.
 * What are the effects of an excess of Carbohydrates?**

What are the different types of Carbohydrates? ** <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">There are two types of carbohydrates, complex and simple. Examples of complex carbohydrates are fruits, vegetables, and starch and bread products. Examples of simple carbohydrates are table sugar, honey, candy, and syrup. The differences between the two are the molecule size and how they are broken down. Complex carbohydrates are large molecules that are slowly broken down to be used for energy. Simple carbohydrates are small molecules that are easily broken down and are used as energy “on the spot.” Now which is better for you? The question isn’t really “Complex or simple?” it should be “How high is the glycemic index of the carbohydrate?” The glycemic index is how quickly and how high a carbohydrate boosts blood sugar compared to pure glucose. High-glycemic-index foods like candy bars and French fries are not good for you. Low-glycemic-index foods like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables are good for you.

<span style="display: block; font-size: 90%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: center;">**<span style="display: block; font-size: 120%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: center;">Molecular structure of a complex Carbohydrate ** **<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: center;"><span style="display: block; font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: center;">Simple Carbohydrates **

**<span style="display: block; font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: center;">Complex Carbohydrates **

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: left;">**<span style="display: block; font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: left;">For more information we recommend these websites: ** <span style="display: block; font-size: 110%; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: left;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">This website does a good job of explaining carbohydrates in a scientific way, but in a way that the average person can understand. [] <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">This is an interesting way to learn about the chemical composition of carbohydrates. [] <span style="display: block; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: left;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: left;">This is a very informative website about carbohydrates.